PGCSEMATERIALS: December 2013

Monday 16 December 2013

CS9269 Software Project management 2nd unit

What is the Capability Maturity Model? (CMM)

Capability Maturity Model (CMM) broadly refers to a process improvement approach that is based on a process model. CMM also refers specifically to the first such model, developed by the Software Engineering Institute (SEI) in the mid-1980s, as well as the family of process models that followed. A process model is a structured collection of practices that describe the characteristics of effective processes; the practices included are those proven by experience to be effective.

CMM can be used to assess an organization against a scale of five process maturity levels. Each level ranks the organization according to its standardization of processes in the subject area being assessed. The subject areas can be as diverse as software engineering, systems engineering, project management, risk management, system acquisition, information technology (IT) services and personnel management.

CS9263 Ad-hoc Networks 4th unit

OLSR

OPTIMIZED LINK STATE ROUTING (OLSR) PROTOCOL

OLSR is developed for mobile ad hoc networks. It operates as a table-driven, pro- active protocol, that is, it exchanges topology information with other nodes of the network regularly. Each node selects a set of its neighbor nodes as “multipoint relays” (MPR). In OLSR, only nodes, selected as such MPRs, are responsible for forwarding control traffic, intended for diffusion into the entire network. MPRs provide an efficient mechanism for flooding control traffic by reducing the number of transmissions required. Nodes, selected as MPRs, also have a special responsibility when declaring link state information in the network. Indeed, the only requirement for OLSR to provide shortest path routes to all destinations is that MPR nodes declare link state information for their MPR selectors. Additional available link state information may be utilized, for example for redundancy.

Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV)

An ad hoc network is the cooperative engagement of a collection of mobile nodes without the required intervention of any centralized access point or existing infrastructure. AODV is a novel algorithm for the operation of such ad hoc networks. Each mobile host operates as a specialized router, and routes are obtained as needed (i.e., on demand with little or no reliance on periodic advertisements). The AODV routing algorithm is quite suitable for a dynamic self-starting network
as required by users wishing to utilize ad hoc networks. AODV provides loop-free routes even while repairing broken links. Because the protocol does not require global periodic routing advertisements, the demand on the overall bandwidth available to the mobile nodes is substantially less than in those protocols that do necessitate such advertisements.